CCD HISTORY 101 - History of Western Civilization 1
linear, cyclic
unitary, multifarious
evolutionary, devolutionary
History Modeled in
Cyclic Stages: civilizations have a life cycle from youth through maturity and old age to death
Ancient: Heraclitus, Plato, Aristotle, Polybius, Lucretius, Seneca
Modern: Oswald Spengler (The Decline of the West)
Repeated Rise and Fall: Thucydides
Linear:
Judeo-Christian: St. Augustine (The City of God)
Modern: Arnold Toynbee (A Study of History)
Devolution from a "Golden Age" in the past (Eden, Age of the Gods and Heroes, Noble Savage)
Hesiod
various Roman writers