Western Civilization

William the Conqueror - Page 7 of 21

Adulthood

His early adult years were filled with wars and rebellions, including a war with King Henry of France, and with his neighbors in Brittany, Maine and Anjou. In 1049, William married Matilda, daughter of Count Baldwin V of Flanders, forging an alliance between two of the most powerful northern territories.

By 1060 William had a considerable reputation as a warrior, for he was generally successful in his wars. He was a tenacious opponent, brutal at times. Many of the wars were fought against great odds, increasing both his reputation and his confidence in the field.

One result of these wars was a very large scale transfer of land, either in the form of conquered territory, or in confiscations from rebellious vassals. The duke gave these back out to those loyal to him, transforming his barons into an aristocracy that was loyal to him.

During these years William was able to make himself the arbiter of disputes, the fount of favors, and the ultimate authority in the duchy. So the barons increasingly served rather than challenged him.

Similarly, the duke ruled the Church. The nobles founded many monasteries and the archbishopric of Rouen was coterminous with the duchy. The powerful families controlled the ecclesiastical positions, and all served the duke.

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