Independent Origins of Domestication - Agricultural Hearths
Map
Near East Map Fertile Crescent
Map Animal Domestication
| Area |
Representative
Plants |
Earliest
Domestication |
Animals
(later) |
|
Middle East/SW Asia
|
Wheat, barley, garbanzos,
lentils, peas, onions, sugar beets, cabbage, lettuce, olive, date, flax
|
8500 BC
|
sheep, goat, pig ~ 8,000 BC
cattle ~ 6,000 BC
horse ~ 4,000 BC
camel ~ 2,500 BC
|
|
China
|
rice, millet, soybeans,
citrus,
|
7500 BC
|
pig, silkworm, cat, cattle,
chicken |
|
New Guinea
|
sugarcane, banana, yams,
taro,
|
7000 BC
|
none |
|
Mesoamerica
|
corn, beans, squash,
avocados cotton
|
7000 BC
|
turkey
|
|
Ethiopia
|
coffee, okra, teff
|
?
|
none
|
|
Sahel
|
sorghum, African rice
|
5000 BC
|
guinea fowl
|
|
Andes and Amazonia
|
potato, manioc, peanut,
strawberry, cotton
|
3500 BC
|
llama, guinea pig, turkey
|
|
Tropical West Africa
|
African yams, oil palm
|
2500 BC
|
none
|
|
Eastern US
|
sunflower, goosefoot,
squash
|
2500 BC
|
none
|
Local Domestications Following Arrival of "Founder Crops" from
Elsewhere
| Area |
Plants |
Earliest Domestication |
Animals (later) |
|
Indus Valley
|
sesame, eggplant, cotton,
mangoes, jute, indigo
|
7000 BC
|
humped cattle
|
|
Egypt
|
sycamore fig, chufa
|
6000 BC
|
donkey, cat
|
|
Western Europe
|
poppy, oat
|
6000 - 3500 BC
|
none
|
|
