All of us owe a debt of gratitude to scholars who have come before us. I would like to thank my thesis advisor, Phil Porter, my major professor, Fred Lukermann, Bill Cunningham, Ward Barrett and colleagues, Bill Lynn and Paul Phifer for their advice and support.

Maps come from many sources. There are a number of maps from Tony Belmonte's Historical Atlas of Europe and the Middle East. Unfortunately Tony has disappeared from the web and I have not been able to track him down for permissions. My copies of Belmone's maps were graciously provide by Lynn Nelson, professor emeritus of the University of Kansas.

Materials for online lectures come from many sources including Ken Foote, the Virtual Geography Department, Michael Curry, Susan L. Woodward, D. J. Huebner, Matt Rosenberg, Emma R. M. Archer, Billie L. Turner II, the Hands On Project, Lydia Mihelic Pulsipher, Lester Rowntree, Elizabeth C. Dunn, Shannon Crum, H. J. de Blij, Peter Muller, Robert E. Ford, Gil Latz, William Rainey, Chuck Ziehr, USGS, USDA, UNESCO, FAO, About.com, Wiley, McGraw Hill, Prentice Hall, among others.

Checking "properties" will show the sources of many objects.

Every attempt has been made to preserve copyright on this website. Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 106A, the fair use of a copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright. Use of this material is legal under TITLE 17 , CHAPTER 1 , Sec. 107 Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code.